Paediatric Lipoedema: symptoms, current research, and management strategies
Pediatric lipoedema is a chronic medical condition characterised by an abnormal accumulation of fat, primarily in the legs, hips, buttocks, and sometimes arms. A few years ago, lipoedema was widely recognised as affecting adult women; however, emerging research suggests that children can also develop the condition. On the other hand, due to limited awareness and research, paediatric lipoedema remains underdiagnosed and often mistaken for obesity or lymphoedema. This blog explores what we currently know about lipoedema in children, management strategies, and the latest research. Let´s have a closer look…
Recognising Lipoedema in Children
Lipoedema often becomes noticeable during puberty due to hormonal changes, but there is evidence that some children display symptoms earlier. Unlike obesity, lipoedema fat is resistant to diet and exercise. Key indicators of paediatric lipoedema include:
- A symmetrical fat distribution in the legs, sparing the feet
- Increased tendency to bruise easily
- Pain and tenderness in affected areas
- Difficulty losing fat in the lower body despite lifestyle changes
In a study published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics, researchers found a genetic link to lipoedema, suggesting that children with a family history of the condition may be at a higher risk.
Current Research on Paediatric Lipoedema
Although research on children with lipoedema is limited, studies indicate that the condition is often mistaken for obesity or lymphoedema. In a review of 170 paediatric patients referred for lymphoedema, 1.7% were found to have lipoedema, highlighting the need for greater awareness among healthcare professionals.
Further studies also suggest that hormonal changes play a role in the onset of lipoedema, reinforcing the importance of early detection and intervention.
Paediatric lipoedema: Management Strategies
1. Conservative Treatments
While there is no cure for lipoedema, several treatments can help manage symptoms and prevent progression:
- Compression Therapy: Custom-fitted compression garments help reduce swelling and discomfort. It is essential that children receive well-fitted garments to ensure effectiveness.
- Manual Lymphatic Drainage (MLD): A specialised massage technique that stimulates lymph flow, helping to manage fluid retention and improve overall comfort. Studies have shown MLD to be effective in paediatric patients .
- Low-Impact Exercise: Activities such as swimming, walking and cycling can improve lymphatic circulation and maintain mobility without putting excessive strain on the joints.
2. Nutritional Guidance
Although lipoedema fat is not influenced by traditional weight loss methods, maintaining a balanced diet can help manage inflammation and overall health. A paediatric nutritionist can provide guidance tailored to a child’s needs.
3. Psychological and Emotional Support
Children with lipoedema may experience body image concerns, anxiety, or social difficulties due to their appearance. Providing mental health support and counselling can help them build self-confidence and navigate challenges associated with the condition.
4. Surgical Considerations
Surgical interventions such as liposuction are rarely recommended for children, but in severe cases, they may be considered for adolescents. Given the potential risks and impact on growth, surgery is typically reserved for older patients.
How is lipoedema diagnosed in children?
Early diagnosis is crucial in managing lipedema in children. If a child exhibits signs of lipedema, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional for a proper evaluation and diagnosis. A clinical examination and imaging studies like ultrasound or lymphoscintigraphy can help confirm the condition.
Challenges in Diagnosing and Treating Paediatric Lipoedema
Despite growing awareness, several challenges remain:
- Frequent misdiagnosis: Many doctors mistake lipoedema for obesity, leading to ineffective treatment recommendations.
- Limited research: There is a lack of large-scale studies on paediatric lipoedema, making it difficult to develop standardised treatment protocols.
- Growth considerations: Because children are still developing, treatment plans need to be adaptable to accommodate growth and changing symptoms.
A final word…
While paediatric lipoedema is rare and under-researched, early diagnosis and intervention can significantly improve a child’s quality of life. A multidisciplinary approach, including input from paediatricians, dermatologists, physiotherapists, lipoedema and lymphatic drainage therapists and mental health professionals, is essential in providing comprehensive care.
As awareness increases, further research is needed to develop effective treatment guidelines for children with lipoedema. Parents who suspect their child may have lipoedema should seek a consultation with a specialist in lymphatic disorders to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management plan.
For more information on lipoedema and paediatric care, visit reliable sources such as the Lipoedema UK or consult a healthcare professional with expertise in lymphatic/cardiovascular conditions.
We hope this information is useful for you. If you need advice or have any questions about our treatments, please contact us. You can find us in Mill Hill Broadway and Islington. We are always happy to help. If you like this blog, please share!
References:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20358611/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajmg.a.33313
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21617474/
