Seroma after surgery: What you should know
What Is a Seroma?
A seroma is a pocket of fluid that can form under the skin after surgery or an injury. It develops when lymphatic vessels are disrupted during a procedure, allowing fluid to collect in nearby tissues instead of draining naturally.
The fluid inside a seroma isn’t always clear. In the early stages, it may appear pink, red, or brownish if mixed with blood or tissue waste. As the body heals, it often becomes lighter and more transparent, typically pale yellow or straw-coloured.
Seromas usually appear within one to two weeks after surgery, especially after drains are removed. However, they can also develop weeks or even months later, depending on healing speed, fluid retention, or pressure at the surgical site.
Signs and Symptoms of a Seroma
Common indicators of a seroma include:
- A soft or firm lump near the surgical area.
- A sloshing or fluid movement sensation under the skin.
- Tenderness, pressure, or mild pain.
- A visible bulge that may shift slightly when moving.
If the area becomes red, hot, painful, or starts to leak fluid, it may indicate infection or another complication and should be assessed promptly.
Is a Seroma Dangerous?
Most small seromas are harmless and resolve naturally as the body reabsorbs the fluid. However, large or persistent seromas may cause:
- Infection
- Delayed wound healing
- Fibrosis (hardening of tissue)
If swelling increases or symptoms worsen, contact your healthcare provider for assessment and possible drainage.
Treatment Options for Seromas
Treatment depends on the size and severity of the seroma. In many cases, the body can reabsorb the fluid naturally, but some require medical intervention. Treating a seroma may include:
- Observation:
Small seromas often resolve on their own as the body gradually reabsorbs the fluid. - Drainage:
Larger or recurring seromas may need to be aspirated (drained) by a qualified medical professional using sterile techniques.
In severe or persistent cases, a temporary drain may need to be reinserted to allow continuous fluid removal and prevent pressure buildup. - Compression:
Properly fitted compression garments help reduce swelling and limit further fluid accumulation. - Follow-up care:
Regular monitoring ensures the seroma has resolved completely and helps detect any signs of recurrence early.
Aftercare Tips to Prevent Seroma Formation
To reduce the risk of seromas after surgery:
- Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity until cleared by your clinician.
- Keep the area clean and dry.
- Wear compression garments as directed , they help reduce swelling and support healing.
- Stay hydrated and follow your post-surgery care plan.
- Report any increased pain, swelling, or fluid discharge to your healthcare provider.
Flying Too Soon After Surgery Can Increase Seroma Risk
Flying shortly after surgery can increase the chance of developing seromas. Cabin pressure and prolonged sitting reduce circulation and promote fluid retention.
To protect your recovery:
- Avoid flying for at least 3 weeks after surgery unless cleared by your surgeon.
- Move your legs and stay hydrated during flights.
- Follow all compression and aftercare instructions.
Clinical observations show that many patients who had surgery abroad (e.g., in Turkey) and flew home within 2–3 weeks later developed seromas — even if they had no fluid buildup before flying. Those who waited longer or had local surgery (e.g., in the UK) experienced fewer complications and smoother healing.
Can Seromas Lead to Fibrosis?
Yes, untreated seromas can cause prolonged inflammation, leading to fibrosis (a buildup of hardened or thickened tissue). This may make the area feel firm, tight, or uneven and affect the contour or mobility of the tissue.
Proper management-such as drainage, compression, and gentle tissue therapy -helps prevent fibrosis and supports a smoother recovery.
Seroma after surgery:A final word
A seroma after surgery is not a normal part of healing, but a common side effect of surgery when more fluid is produced than the lymphatic system can drain. While most cases resolve on their own, early recognition and care help prevent infection, fibrosis, or delayed recovery.
By understanding the causes of seromas, and by avoiding early air travel and following post-surgical aftercare, patients can achieve a safer, faster, and smoother recovery.
If you have questions or would like to book your post-surgery session, contact us today! We’re always glad to help. You can find us in Mill Hill Broadway and Islington. If you found this article useful, please share it with others who may be starting their recovery journey.
References:
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4347361/
